Bias cutting machine



Aug. 17, 1943. D. BALK 2,326,745

BIAS CUTTING MACHINE v Filed July 26, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 1' 2 INVENTOR l DAVID BALK BY M Aug. 17, 1943. D. BALK 2,326,745

BIAS CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 26, 1941 4 Sheets-SheetB v A. l A

INVENTOR DAV! 0 BA L K 1 ATTORNEY,

Aug. 17, 1943. D, BALK 2,326,745

BIAS CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 26, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 [I :1L3. 7i 22 7i v Hllfilll? 71 I 7 a@m 72 ii 72 "INVENTOR DAVID BALK ATTORNEY 17, 5.943, BALK BIAS CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 26, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ii (I; g 5.

INVENTOR DAVI n BALK BY I ML ATTORNEY strip whichwvill bebias tc the weave of the fabric;

'ofiworle ar in a: position-to employ expensive 7 axis: of the tubular material irrits movement PatentedAug. 17, 1943 c UNiTEp Manufacturing Cedric; pcraticnofNew' York i I --My invention relates tdimprovements iii li-ias v cutting machines, vertical, horizontal or an'gularly positioned for transforming spirally arolloftubular-material of any kindinto a wide continue ous bias strip, andhas-for its principal cbj'ec t'toproduce a; machifie capable of. cuttingsuel -t-a:

Several machines especial-1y constructediforthis purpose' are and haVe been iri'use for many:-

years, but in each instance-the machineiisce'm- 1r]: plicated'in construction and expensive to build" 7 and maintain. A s a result, thefieldis very: re+. stricted because only users having-large quantities machineryof this character. V .7

With this mindyitis' a further object'zoi the present invention lac-provide; a cuttingimachine of this character, in which all parts are 01 the: simplest design and theirnumberis' 'redueecl' tof: a minimum commensurate with? 'thenoperatie ns necessary to prOdilce accurate:end 'eificientrre sults. V V r 1 p Bias cutting: niachiiz'esof the accepted typeaare restricted to angular adjustment' of the: cutting; elementand feeding}; mechanisms betwe'eii .r the sidesoi anang1e,:defined"by ahorizontal 1m and aperpendicularli-ne at the riglit oi: the 'veiiticali through the machine.- In ot her words; the 'cutl ting element iscapaliie 'o-i cutting spirally oni 'iii a clockwise directiorriabout the tubular materiala This ista limitation-when it coines tofi 'uttirig': through the material, which-under certaineon ditions allows: the cut edges and the seams to turn. back upon themselves and produces-a v in the 1 bias strip; as this is-t'ransmitted" toiit'hJ Winding or rollingmachinez v o.

The present invention comprises-an improvedmandrel for v a-machine of this; character cc-in 1r bined with a systexn oi fee'dir ig mechanisrii 'andi V interpositioningofith'e cutting."elern'erit; wherefiy cutting imiiicorrectftneseiaurtsn a rollers and lastly-the "Cutting 613151811153 This. will 7 on. the ,t

jsuch awayaa'sto enable oneiofth'e s'ectip' istd= setidfzieediiigdevicegs while theother SE'CUORIISQ c adjustable towards and away irom r-the p tion toaccommodate'difierentfdiameters o-fij tu, ing and carries another'tseto f'feeding devicesce llht-i mazfidl eli m e functio' e er N caree .a i

biascstriips for seamiir eoperationsi. "If fthe, j 'ontrary to -tliei'neture oilthei elath; the: v

e the'gflatr- 11 m; slicedii fei seaming-and rbiiidnig gthe through gauges. Clockwise or counter-clockwise:

} prbvide-a" bias cutting machine of thisch'aracter 1Wi-tlma1if V overhead swivel Isuppm'ting element for-othe iiollioftubular c materiali; which element is pbsitively/ guided in its rotary movemenutmallow.uniformly: spiral feeding of: the 1 material 5 without tilt or; distei-ti'oir before and aiszitirea'chesgthe maridrehfieed:

A further oiijecti oigthe-invehtien .is to make'th'e cut ledges 'ofithematerialstraighterand whenarol'l'ed :ply 1 m ply, will make a roll 0f bias cloth uniformly perfect at'bothends, eliminating;

excess'iive 'trimmingi; waste the goverheacl-xswivel being adjustable with re'spectuto the?cutting?mai I chineto azccommoda te'differeriliwidtlisfoiiitubiillar material-arid position the;smile} coaxial f: the; mandrel ina'any'ofitszfadjustedipesitionsr A' stil further object:oimYiiiVehtioh is tdprm.

e videia gmarrdrel; of:theicharactefiheiieina fterP e'-f1 relatively flat: 'si es" cutting opcrations, ialarev performietlrfocpthez. pluposeioigmcreasiri the capacity of ihemasehinev and reducing the numbersjof-partsordinari to carry. out theoperatioixe andeof simplify constructioh-oftheremainingperrtsi A still: further object cop'fth' invention e V supportathea-fiatisidedsections:ofethe maridrle in scribed; o i? Sectionsi having upon which operating;wi-tl i-athegfirst;se 'fto{feedth-e tubing e-ciliiingedgepf downwardly and spirally e lo the-::cuttiiig5e1ement;i:.

we to pr r icl a iipwiie ch Wi pull of mat-c iaiwhupicrid r 1 A-n aid tie Lohject SEtO provide meansstoi uitazieousiy' ai'clojck wise cr counter= clockwise motion in both the supporting means and feed for the mandrel, I V

I accomplish the objects of, my invention by means of certain combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described, the hammer the position along the rods l4 and I by means of suitable set screws l8. Mounted upon the opposite ends of the top of the carriage l8 are supportingrcds 29 which carry at their upper ends the movable section 2| of the mandrel.

The mandrel sections I1 and 2! are similar in shape, each'thereof comprising an upright flat center portion and integralcurvedends 22. In

other wordspthesections arevlrtually U-shaped in transverse section, the closed 'side thereof being elongated to provide the flat side. The

' "particularadvantages of constructing a mandrel alterations in the type shape siz e and arrange i ment and manner of use of the various members,

without departing from the principle of thein-f vention or exceeding the broad and general'a im and range thereof, or the broad meanings of the terms set forth in theappend'ed claims and.

illustratively' exemplified in the accompanying drawings in which: i V

- Eigureg1is a side elevational view of the ma chine showing the mandrel'open to accommodate the roll of tubular'material of greatest widthr 1. Figure -2 is T8. substantially vertical sectional view of the machine taken on lines 2-.2 of- Figure 1; i .4 i Figure 3 is a substantiallytransverse sectional view of the machine Figure 1; Figure 4 and cutting attachments;

':Figure 5 is an elevational view of aslightly a roll5of modified form of overhead support for tubular material of-extrawidth; r

Figure 6 is a 'topplan view oi-a mandrelin taken on lines 3.3 of

is anend elevational view showingthe fixed section of the mandreland'the feeding mandreL.

which-tlie sections are shaped to cooperate-to produce the flat sides; r i i 1 Figure 7 =is a .side elevational view of the mandrel sections shown in' Figurefi; and

Figure 8 is a sideelevationali view of aim-.111

further modified form of mandrel showing.accommodation forfa single feed unit toa side; I 1 Referring .to the drawings and particularlyfto Figures 1 to 4' l1ldenotes thejbase of thesupportfing structure 'of thebiasicutting machine, -The base comprisesa flat 'fioor plate havin'gia raised motor platform and upright :standard E'l2 at one-end" and :a second upright standard I3.a'.t the';other-'end. I The standards l2 and lS :are;

disposed transversely of the longitudinal' axis of the base In and'iparallel to each other. "Supported at their'ends inzxthe' .standar'dsare spaced guide bars or tracks land-15;"- the' bar H5 is preferably cylindrical' in shape and is, disposed I 'abovethebar'fi which is preferably square in transverse section:and'is'provided with aseries of graduations on one sideto allow 'for properly setting the jmandrel for "difierent widths of material I w I V -Thestandard i2 adjacent its opposite ends is provided withupright supporting rods 15 upon I which are mountedthe fixed sections ll of the mandrel .over which the 'tubular..materialiA is guided in its downward spiral movement, as"

hereinafterdescribed. Slidably mounted upon the bars I4 and I5 and. capable of .adjustrnent to any position between the. standards 12- and i3 is' a carriagel8 comprising a rectangulan-block of approximately the'length' of the standard 12, the block having'openings to receive the bars I4 and I5 and being provided with castors IS on its under side to contact with the surface of .the base plate [0 and give rolling support to the carriage. The carriage l8 may be lockedrin any of sections having flat sides is that theperipheral dimensions of the ordinary mandrel can be greatly increased without requiring any more spacein the axial direction of the machine than that required'of the present type of cylindrical mandrel in this art allows atubular material to be accommodated which may be much greater 7 in'wdiameterthanusually used with a .lwnsequence that stripsl or, greater length maylbe cutfrom. a single roll; The bottoms of the sectlons llg and are closed at opposite sides of the-centersz by walls 23.which rest uponandare'attached to v the upper. ends of the supporting rods or posts l6 and 26. The upper ends of the sections are beveledinwardly to form a semi-conicalpguide forthe tubularmaterial; As il1ustratively;exem

plified inFiguresgl'and .3jthe open-inner sidesof the mandrel sections face 'eachlotherg'so 'aszto' form inanyrelative positions thereof a" core. over which thegtubular material may ,beguided.

The feeding mechanism for moving the" tubu lar material downwardlyr'and: spirallyoverfthemandrel includ'es'two positively driven feed rollers '24 and 25 and corresponding? coasting rubber pressure rollers25 and"2l, to. respectively engage the inner .a'ndoute'r faces of themateriall' Rollers 24 and 26 are disposed obliquely "atian.

angle to'the vertical axis ofthe mandrel'gto exert an angular pull on the material in a clockwise 1 direction to efiect the spiral feeding ofthe ma-' terial over the mandrel;1,.Rol1ers 25 and 2.15 are disposed obliquely, atafn angle to theaxis ofthe mandrel toexert an angular pull, on the materialin a countereclockwise direction: f As illustrated; the positively' driven feedrollers' and 25'-are located ,onthe sections of the mandrel with their, peripheries extending slightly -t .rough openings. r28mand 2 9 'in' the sections. The pres-1' sur'e rollers 25 and 21 are suppcrtedfor rotation in yoke-shaped bearing elements 30 disposed ex-' teriorly of the mandrel fand supportedon rotat table brackets 31 mounted onrtheupper'ends of upright rods 32. The rods 32 at the stationary end of the mandrel aresupported onbraclretst'il onthe standard l2; while therods 32 of-theadjustable section arecarried'in-brackets BLJprojecting from'the sup orting rods 20.

In operation, itwill'be seen'that only. one pair 7 of feeding and'pressure rollers can be operated at one time in each section, .becauseone pair en-- gages the-material to move it spirally in a clock I wisedirection, whilel the-otherpair -causes the material'to move in counter-clockwise spiral di rection. Consequently;i'diametrically opposite pairs of rollers must: operate togetherand a meanswhereby asingle driving mechanism may i be ,used;to, operateseparately the driven rollers of a single section is illustrated particularly in Figures 1 t o 3.rj Power froma motor 35 mountedon the motor block 5 istransmittedfr'o'fn'a small. pulley 36 on g the .motorshaft tov .a larger pul e 3 cb mea s, Dfabelt 38,.L..'I'h .pulley. :1

The" large peripheral dimension of a a bias cuttin s i ia fl 7 3. 'In'a 'loia's' cutting na'chine of the one 0. ,te'r described, the combination} of a mandrlcv'er s mrcutting a spiral strip immZsaid materiai."

cutting attachmentis moved to its other "supported position, in which case the rall B will revolve' in the reverse direction'and the material Awlll be drawn downwardly in a reverse spiral movement over the mandrel and in thepathof the cutting disc; v r 1 I In Figure 5 there is'show-n a bale'lfi fora roll "B, of very great width, comprising a raised mid portion 11 in the'closed part oi thebale,' which portion carries therollers 18 running on the track 15, This arrangement allows" greater 'lengthifor the outer portions of the closed part of thej'bale beyond the raised portion fllj'carrying the rollers 1,8;than in the construction shown inFigures l and2." H. The mandrel shownin Figures 6 and .7 cornprise U-shaped sections 19' and*80, thefla tisides 8| of each of which joins withthe corresponding flat sides of the otherfto formthe full ,flatsides of thefmandrel, lnfthi's arrangement each flat side 8| of each section IQ-F80 isprovided' vvithian oblique opening 82;t o' accommodate the feeding and pressure rollers of the feeding mechanism and in the curved or U-shapedportion'of 'thegfixedi section'la of the mandrelis a cross shaped. slot 33' to, receivethe cuttingdisc of afcuttihgattachment. j FigureB shows one of the tWO'sehtionsJP- [or a mandrel of theitype used in the construction of Figur 1 to 4, except thatthe' flat side orv each section is provided withaj'single 'obliquefop'enin'g '8] in its Inid-portionand' directly under it a single slot 85,? the opening- 84 receiving theieedthe slot 85 receivingfthe cutting edgelof th'edisc ofithe cutting attachment;

It will be seen that inall finvention the feedingoperation for moving the itubular' materia1 over the mandrel ina spiral direction is effected on the "fiat sidesfofithe' mandrel. 1 i" .j a

Having described 'my' invention and the maner in which the same'operates,'what ,I'claifn and desire to secure by Letters Patent isi 1 inachine'of the character described, the combination of "a' mandrel? cornpi-ising j a fixed flatpsectionlend movable; fiat section over which a tubular materialis adapted I of the present movement thereof. i

which v a tubular rnaterial fed, comprising a naked 7 U -shaped section" and a movable U'- s haped section, theopen ends of the two sections facing each other,' 'the closed ends of the'sectionsbein'g fiat, alternate obliquely disposed means operating in the flat sides of each section and'engagin'g said material fcr feeding the-same spirally in clockwise or counterclock-wise direction over the mandrel, 'common' 'driving means'for operating alternate engaging and feeding means of both sections,- and a-icuttin'g element for cutting a spiral strip from the material in either direction: of

' 5. In a bias cutting machine of the character described, the combination of a supporting b'ase having guide rails running between standards,'-a carriage-mounted for 'movement over said rails,

a mandrel over'ivhich a tubular material'ls fed,

- ing and pressure roller-sci the feeding deviceand H to be spirallyj'fled, m'e'ans'onthe flat"sectionsengaging saidfma'terialfor feeding the samespirally- 'thereoverf and "a icuttinglelement jor cutting a spiral strip from' 'said material;

2. In ajbias cutting'machine cf"the character described, the "combinationv cf fa mandrel ovcr whichl'a 'tubular'material is i ed', comprising "sub? I stantiallyiffiat sections, one thereotbei'ng stationary, means for iadju'stably supporting the other section to' allowioi fadjustmentfin the size of 'tlier'nandrehrneans arranged on thelfiat'sectiohs oi'the' mandrel'to engage's'aid material'ior feeding the same spirally thereover, anda cutting elemen a whichfa tubularinaterial 'is fedjcompri's'inga fixed section andfa hidvable sectiongeachsecitidn having a fla'ii'slde, alternateinear'is Operating.

in the flat sides "of the sections and-eng ging said material for feeding the same spirally in one dii'iection or .thepther "over the' 'm andreh and'i'a cutting element intermediate'the alternatfe'in eans 'comprisingsubstantially flat sided U' -shaped Sec- -tion's' arranged withtheir open 'ends facing "each other, means for supportingthe two Y sections'on one standard of the base and the carriage respectively, two pairs of obliquelydisposed feeding and pressure rollers operating in-the fiat side of each section for engaging the saidmaterial for feeding the"same= spirally thereover in either clock-wise or counterclock-wlsedirection, driving means operating between the standards and capable of alternate connections with one pairof rollers in each-section to rotate the-feed rollers, and a cutting element for cuttingaspiral' strip from the. material in either direction 'of'movemerit thereof. v

'16; Abias cutting machine,- as claimed in-claim '5; in which the fixed section of the mandrel is provided 'withslotted openings torece'ive-the cutpressu-re rollers comprises -a--rotary shaft, beariings on :the standards and carriage to support the shaft, ear connections w'ith'wthe shaft at the standard, carrying the fixed-section of'the mandrel andat the carriage, the connectiorratfthe carriage '--being arranged to -rotate and move "axiall'y'oi the'jshaft to allowadjustment ofyth'e carriage, a universal connection with-eachsetpf gears, and means to unite the connection with one'or the other of; theobliquefeeding-rollers-to f f drive one thereof and feed the material ispir ally over the mandrel.

- -8. A bias cutting machine,'=as claimed in claim 5,' including means for supporting the feed-rollers on the inside or" the-mandrel {section'aand means cutting aspiral strip fro'msaid inar 4. In a biascutting machine"of the character H described; the combinaticn'of a mandrel" over carried-by the-standardcarryin'g the fixed secticnxahd by the carriage to support the pressure rollers in ccntact with their respective'feed rollers, said last means permitting each pressureroller to be moved'olit of contact with its 'fe'ed roller.

9. A biascuttihg'machineas claimed'inclaim 5, in which each-mandrel sectiqnin itsfiat side is providedfwith a pair of obliqueopenings the longitudinal ax es thereof converging downwardly-towardseachother, a pair of=said rollers operating inieach opening; and an X-shaped slot intermediate the, openings of the fixed section to accommodate the cuttingelement in its opposite 3 3 3 "J l 10. In a bias cuttingmachine, the comb ina tion of a mandrel,over which'a'tubular material is fed, comprising a fixed and a movable section,

each thereof being flat and arranged parallel to, g

each other, an oblique opening in each section, means in and at said openings engaging said material for feeding thesame spirally over the mandrel, and a cutting element for cutting a spiral strip from said material. I

11. A bias cutting machine, as claimed in claim 10, including a slot in thefixed section of the mandrel to accommodate the cuttingelement,

said slot being disposed below the oblique openrial during its spiral movement in either of said directions.

13; In a bias cutting machine, the combination of a pair of fiat sections forming a mandrel, each section having an elongated slot disposed at an angle to the perpendicular, a pair of rollers carried by each section and operating at and in said slot to feed material over the mandrel, the common tangent of the pair of rollers coinciding with the outer surface of the flat section, and

cutting means to sever the moving material into,

a bias strip. I

14. In a bias cutting machine, the combination of fiat sections forming a mandrel, rollers in the sections for feeding material in a spiral path rollers for each section having their common tangent coinciding with the surface of the flat side of the section and feeding the material spirally thereover, and a cuttingelement for cutting a spiral strip from said material.

16. In a bias cutting machine of the character described, the combination of a mandrel over which a tubular material is fedQcomprising sub stantially U-shaped sections arranged with their open ends facing each other, one section being stationarv'means for adjustably supporting the other section to allow for adjustment in the size of the mandrel, rollers on' opposite sides of each section engaging said'material for, feeding the same spirally thereover, the common tangent of the rollers of each section'coinciding with the outer surface of the latter, and a cutting element at the fixed section for cutting aspiral strip from said material. 7 Y 1 17. In a bias cutting machine of thecharacter described, the combination of a mandrel, comprising a fixed section and a'mo'vable section, over which a tubular material is adapted to be spirally fed and cut, means engaging said material for feeding thesame spirally thereover in clockwise or coun'ter clockwise direction, and a. cutting element arranged for cutting a spiral strip from saidmaterial during its spiral moveover the mandrel, and means for cutting the moving material into a bias strip. 15. In a bias cutting machine of the character described, the combination of a'mandrel comprising a fixed section and a movable section, each thereof having a fiat side over which a tubular material is adapted to be spirally fed,

ment in either of said directions.

18. In a bias cutting machine of the character described, the combination of a mandrel over .whicha. tubular material is fed, comprising a fixed and a movable section, each thereof being U-shaped in transverse section with flat closed sides and arranged with their open ends facing each other, an oblique opening in the closed fiat side of each section, rollers inand at said openings engaging said material for feeding the same" spirally thereoverand having a common tangent from said material.

coinciding with the outer surface of the section, and a cutting elementfor cutting a spiral strip DAvInBALKi" 

